(How old is the History of Textile in Turkey?) Какова история текстиля в Турции?
Weaving has been done in Anatolian lands since ancient times. With the rise of the Ottoman Empire, Anatolia became the center of the empire's textile production. The fact that Indian cotton equaled Turkish cotton and could not keep up with the technology of the Industrial Revolution struck a blow to Anatolian textiles.
As a result of the westernization efforts of the empire, factory production started in the late 19th century. During the Ottoman Empire, there was production in Denizli and Tokat in weaving, and in Bursa in silk products, in small enterprises. In 1915, 18 of the 22 leading public industry enterprises, 10 of 28 joint stock companies, 45 of 214 private sector workplaces and 73 of a total of 264 industrial workplaces consisted of the textile industry.
In the Republican era, with the Sümerbank law in 1933, Bakırköy, Kayseri, Ereğli cloth factories and Nazilli printing factory; After 1938, Bursa Merino, Malatya cotton and Eskişehir printing factories were established. All textile and apparel factories and workshops are gathered under the umbrella of Sümerbank.
Fabric patterns department was established at the State Academy of Fine Arts in 1940 to train designers for the textile industry. In 1977, İzmir Ege University Fine Arts Faculty Textile Department is opened. Private sector developed in the 1960s. The private sector's share, which was 28 percent in the sector's production in 1952, increased to 62 percent in 1962 and over 90 percent in 1990.
In the weaving area, manuscripts and traditional weaving samples were kept alive in special workshops such as Bedri Rahmi Eyüboğlu Atelier. Many artists have brought contemporary interpretations to traditional Turkish weaving.
Today, the share of the state in the textile sector is below 1%. Handmade carpets are produced by Sümer Halı and some other public institutions. It is one of the important export areas of Turkey.
